A book reference in APA 7 is short: author, year, title in italics, publisher. The details change a little for later editions, e-books and chapters in edited collections, and those are covered below.
Format
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle in sentence case (Xth ed.). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxxx
Achebe, C. (1958). Things fall apart. Heinemann.
In-text: (Achebe, 1958)
The parts, one by one
- Author. Surname, then initials (Achebe, C.). Several authors are separated by commas, with an ampersand before the last.
- Year. The year of the edition you used, in brackets.
- Title. In italics and sentence case: capitalise the first word, the first word of a subtitle after a colon, and proper nouns. Things fall apart, not Things Fall Apart.
- Edition. For any edition after the first, in brackets after the title and not in italics: (5th ed.).
- Publisher. The name only, with no city. Leave out words like “Inc.” or “Ltd”. If the author and publisher are the same (common for reports from organisations), leave the publisher out.
- DOI or URL. Only if the book has one, for example an academic e-book.
A later edition with two authors
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
In-text: (Creswell & Creswell, 2018)
Note the sentence-case subtitle after the colon and the edition in brackets. In the text: (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).
A chapter in an edited book
When each chapter of a book is written by different people, cite the chapter you used:
Chapter in an edited book
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the chapter. In E. E. Editor (Ed.), Title of the book (pp. first–last). Publisher.
Mbiti, I., & Weil, D. N. (2015). Mobile banking: The impact of M-Pesa in Kenya. In S. Edwards, S. Johnson, & D. N. Weil (Eds.), African successes, Volume III: Modernization and development (pp. 247–293). University of Chicago Press.
In-text: (Mbiti & Weil, 2015)
Editors’ names are written initials first (S. Edwards, not Edwards, S.). Use “(Ed.)” for one editor and “(Eds.)” for more than one. The chapter title is plain text; the book title is in italics.
A whole edited book
If you refer to an edited collection as a whole, the editors take the author position, followed by (Ed.) or (Eds.):
Edited book
Editor, A. A., & Editor, B. B. (Eds.). (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.
In-text citations
- Parenthetical: (Achebe, 1958) or, with a quotation, (Achebe, 1958, p. 45).
- Narrative: Achebe (1958) describes…
If you read a newer printing of an old book, APA lets you show both dates: (Achebe, 1958/1994), with “(Original work published 1958)” at the end of the reference.
Common mistakes
- Writing the book title in Title Case. APA uses sentence case for book titles.
- Including the city of publication. That was APA 6; APA 7 leaves it out.
- Citing the whole edited book when you used one chapter.
- Putting “(5th ed.)” in italics or after the full stop.