How Turabian references look
These examples were formatted by the same engine the generator uses.
Turabian citation generator
Find any article, book or chapter and copy it in Turabian (notes and bibliography, 9th edition). Free, no sign-up.
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Journal article
Suri, Tavneet, and William Jack. “The Long-Run Poverty and Gender Impacts of Mobile Money.” Science 354, no. 6317 (December 2016): 1288–92. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5309.
Footnote: Tavneet Suri and William Jack, “The Long-Run Poverty and Gender Impacts of Mobile Money,” Science 354, no. 6317 (December 2016): 1288–92, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5309.
Book
Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. London: Heinemann, 1958.
Footnote: Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart (London: Heinemann, 1958).
Web page
World Health Organization. “Malaria.” World Health Organization, December 4, 2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria.
Footnote: World Health Organization, “Malaria,” World Health Organization, December 4, 2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria.
Turabian rules at a glance
- Reference list
- Bibliography: alphabetical by first author’s surname
- In-text citations
- superscript note numbers linked to footnotes, as in Chicago notes and bibliography
- Author names
- First author inverted with full names, the rest in normal order
- Many authors
- List up to ten authors; for more, the first seven followed by “et al.”
- Date
- Near the end: in parentheses after the issue for journals, after the publisher for books
- Titles
- Title case; article titles: in quotation marks, title case
- Italics
- Journal and book titles
- DOIs and links
- DOI as a link: https://doi.org/…
Who uses Turabian?
Turabian is Chicago adapted for students’ papers, theses and dissertations, and is common in history and theology programmes. The style is published by the University of Chicago Press; CiteSwap follows the 9th edition (2018).
Turabian citation generator: frequently asked questions
How do I cite a journal article in Turabian?
Search for the article by title, author or DOI above and copy the formatted reference. For example, the Suri and Jack article in Science becomes: Suri, Tavneet, and William Jack. “The Long-Run Poverty and Gender Impacts of Mobile Money.” Science 354, no. 6317 (December 2016): 1288–92. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5309.
How do in-text citations work in Turabian?
Turabian uses superscript note numbers linked to footnotes, as in Chicago notes and bibliography. A first footnote for the same article reads: Tavneet Suri and William Jack, “The Long-Run Poverty and Gender Impacts of Mobile Money,” Science 354, no. 6317 (December 2016): 1288–92, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5309.
What is the Turabian reference list called?
Bibliography. Alphabetical by first author’s surname.
Which edition of Turabian does this generator use?
Turabian (notes and bibliography, 9th edition), published by the University of Chicago Press (9th edition (2018)). CiteSwap formats references with the official Citation Style Language definition of the style.
How do I cite a website in Turabian?
Use “Cite manually” under the search box: enter the author or organisation, page title, website name, date and URL. A web page in Turabian looks like this: World Health Organization. “Malaria.” World Health Organization, December 4, 2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria.
Is this Turabian citation generator free?
Yes. There is no sign-up and no limit. Everything runs in your browser, and your references are not stored anywhere.